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Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 25409573 EISSN : 25409581 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB) is an authoritative source of information concerned with the advancement of tropical biology studies in the Southeast Asia Region. It publishes original scientific work related to a diverse range of fields in tropical biodiversity, functional biology, and biotechnology.

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Articles 5 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August" : 5 Documents clear

Mini review: Intensification of mulching to improve soil moisture in vanilla plantation I Gede Ketut Adiputra
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Continuous water uptake from soil via the root system and it transport into the leaves system is a basic mechanism in plants to maintain growth and reproduction. Consequently, sustaining soil moisture to keep water supply into the plants should continuously occurred to maintain growth. Under condition of global warming scenario and robust agricultural practices, soil organic carbon which plays as a key for soil moisture and fertility are continuously diminished. This condition could subsequently endanger the growth of shallow rooted plants, such as vanilla. To mitigate the impact of global warming and robust agricultural practices, enhancing carbon sequestration to inhibit water loss is regarded crucial. However, although mulch materials are locally available in most land crop plantations, those materials are rarely viewed as functional for maintaining soil moisture. Both water stress and mulching might have not been seriously anticipated in conventional agricultural practices. For example, continuous decreased in yield of vanilla plants are usually handled by applying pesticide or fertilizer, without addition of mulch. The objective of this review was to gain a better understanding of soil moisture to increase vanilla growth and reproduction. This review found that mulching could reduce evaporation, increase soil organic carbon and soil fertility. It is concluded that intensification of mulching could enhance sustainability of vanilla plantations.

Keanekaragaman Ular Pitviper Sumatera (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) Berdasarkan Ketinggian di Sumatera Barat Fachrul Reza
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Research on Sumatran Pitviper diversity based on altitude in West Sumatra had been done since January 2016 to December 2017 in several locations on West Sumatra Province. The research was conducted by Visual Encounter Surveys and collecting information from local people using pictures, descriptions, and habitat description of each species based on field guide written by David and Vogel (1996) and Vogel (2006). The objective of this study was to obtain information about vertical distribution of Pitviper from subfamily Crotalinae. The study identified seven species of Pitviper as member of suborder Serpentes, family Viperidae, and subfamily Crotalinae. Members of this subfamily are existing in every altitude from 0 to above 1000 m a.s.l. with one very adaptive species named Tropidolaemus wagleri.

Composition of Mitochondrial DNA 16S Nucleotide of Dwarf Snakehead (Channa gachua Hamilton, 1822) from Keji River, Magelang, Central Java Warisatul Ilmi; Tuty Arisuryanti
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Indonesia has a high marine and freshwater biodiversity including freshwater fish biodiversity. One of freshwater fish which is commonly consumed by Indonesian people is dwarf snakehead (Channa gachua Hamilton, 1822). However, research on genetic characterization, especially the composition of mtDNA 16S nucleotide of dwarf snakehead has poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the composition of mtDNA 16S nucleotide of dwarf snakehead as a part of genetic characterization of the fish species taken from Keji River, Magelang, Central Java which has not been previously examined. This study analyzed 16S mt-DNA of two samples of dwarf snakehead from Keji River (KTS-01 and KTS-02). In addition, two sequences of Channa gachua with accession number KU986900, KU238074, and HM117234-HM117238 taken from GenBank were used as a comparison. A method used in this research was a PCR method and primers used in this research were 16Sar and 16Sbr. The results revealed that the average of nucleotide composition T, C, A and G of the fish species was 23.04%, 25.13%, 29.06% and 22.77% respectively whereas the average rate of nucleotide composition A+ T and G+ C was 52.10% and 47.90% respectively. The two dwarf snakehead had similar T and C composition but different in A and G composition. In addition, the G+C content in KTS-01 and KTS-02 had the highest frequency compared to other dwarf snakehead taken from GenBank. From this finding it could be assumed that there is genetic variation between the two dwarf snakehead from Keji River which is important genetic data for breeding program of the fish species in the future.

Diversity of Soil Macro Insect in Alas Purwo National Park, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia Astri Dwi Wulandari; Tutik Indrawati; Fitrahyanti Fiqqi Maghfirah; Eka Kartika Arum Puspita Sari; Shifa Fauziyah; Rosmanida Rosmanida
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Indonesia is the second largest mega biodiversity of the world. One of the forest resources are soil insects. Soil insects improved the soil physical properties, added organic material content, and used as bio-indicator of environmental conditions of conservation areas, forests, or mountains. The aim of this research was to get information about the diversity, dominance, and similarity index of soil macro insect in Alas Purwo National Park, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia in 2017. Locations were selected based on purposive random sampling considering 2 habitat types; coastal forest path and tropical rain forest path. The method of this research was used pitfall trap. Insects were identified at Laboratory of Ecology, Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya. The results showed that the diversity index of soil insects in the coastal forest path was 1.611 and in path of tropical rain forest was 0.855. It means that the diversity of soil macro insect in coastal forest path were medium and in path of tropical rain forest was low. The Dominancy index of coastal forest path was 0.334 and in path of tropical rain forest was 0.433. It means that the community was stable, there was no species domination. The similarity index of soil insects in both paths have a 58.8%, was a unity of the same community.

Polimorfisme V16A Gen MnSOD pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Retinopati Tasmini Tasmini; R. Haryo Yudono; Maliyah Madyan
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) include diabetic retinopathy (RD) both non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The development of RD depends on environmental and genetic factors. MnSOD gene (manganese-superoxid dismutase) is one of the candidate risk factors gene for RD. The presence of V16A MnSOD gene polymorphism results in decrease of mitochondrial MnSOD enzymes expression and triggers the oxidative stress. Hyperglycemia in DM increases oxidative stress in tissues, including the retina resulting in metabolic abnormalities in the retina, which play a role in the development of DM complications, namely diabetic retinopathy. In Indonesia, especially the Javanese tribes in Yogyakarta, there has never been any research on MnSOD gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetes patients with and without retinopathy. Subjects were Poly Endocrine patients and Eye Polyclinic patients of Dr. Sardjito’s General Hospital, 121 subjects consisting of 63 type 2 DM patients without retinopathy were group 1 (KI) and 58 type 2 DM patients with retinopathy were group 2 (KII) (20 NPDR subjects and 38 PDR subjects). V16A polymorphism of MnSOD gene from leukocytes DNA was analyzed by PCR-RFLP method. From 121 DM subjects, 70 subjects with VV genotype were found, 50 subjects with VA genotype and 1 subject with AA genotype. From 63 non-RD DM subjects, 22 subjects with VA genotypes and 41 subjects with VV genotype were found, while in DM with retinopathy (non-PDR, n = 20) found 6 subjects with VA genotype and 14 subjects with VV genotype, and in DM with retinopathy (PDR, n = 38) found 1 subject with AA genotype, 22 subjects with VA genotype and 15 subjects with VV genotype. In DM with retinopathy (NPDR and PDR, n = 58), 1 subject was found with AA genotype, 27 subjects with VA genotype and 29 subjects with VV genotype.

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